Environment protection and energy the battery case of embarrassment: along the policy lines or to go to the market?
Response to national energy-saving, environmental protection policy appeals Canon BG-E3 Battery Grip, production and energy-saving, environmentally friendly products, to effectively maintain social sustainable use of energy and environment for sustainable development, which is China’s current social development situation of the outstanding requirements, but also a variety of manufacturing industries should be to do the responsibilities and obligations. However, some manufacturing industries in response to national policy in place, the transformation of production of high quality environmentally friendly energy-saving products are facing torture the market to promote the situation is not optimistic.
Among them, the battery industry faces embarrassment on the market is particularly prominent.
From the 1997 China Light Industry Association, the National Environmental Protection Bureau, Bureau of Technical Supervision and other nine ministries and commissions jointly issued the “on the restriction of the provisions of mercury batteries” has nearly 10 years, but now, as a mainstream product environmentally friendly energy-saving battery alkaline batteries in China’s cover only 20% of the battery products, which not only developed countries 80%% -90%% of the high penetration rate far away from the national “Tenth Five-Year Plan” for 30% of the goals there is a great distance.
One side is a policy-oriented pressure on the side of it is lukewarm response from the market, this situation will make those who doubt desperate to make a transition alkaline battery production enterprises feel more intolerable loss. In the face of policy-oriented and market-oriented fork in the road formed, it is estimated the hearts of those battery companies will continue to exist such a question: in the end should be toward the policy or should we go toward the market go?
Policy-oriented market under the embarrassment of
In 1997, nine ministries launched “on the restriction of the provisions of mercury Canon BG-E5 Battery Grip,” the notice requirement, since January 1, 2001, the ban of mercury in the domestic production of various types of battery weight is greater than 0.025% of the battery; self – January 1, 2005, the ban in the domestic production of mercury batteries is greater than the weight of 0.0001%% of the alkaline zinc-manganese batteries (not mercury content of less than 2%% of the alkaline manganese and silver oxide button batteries). Through policies aimed at the baton, the first source in the production of high standards and strict requirements, and thus drive the market, consumption, in order to achieve the popularity of green energy-saving process of the battery.
In fact, the traditional carbon-zinc batteries for the pollution problem, there is a sense of responsibility in the policy promulgation of the battery business as early as the beginning before they take the lead in developing environmentally friendly batteries. The last century, the early 90s, the domestic battery industry to give up the boss at that time Nanfu unified domestic market, carbon-zinc batteries, the negative high mountains of debt for imported equipment from abroad and turned green battery manufacturing. In 1997, Nanfu Battery undertake innovative projects — the state “high-energy mercury-free alkaline manganese batteries and equipment development” research, and embarked on the road of independent innovation, and in 2000 completed a remarkable research and development tasks and achieve a full series of alkaline battery “no mercury, no cadmium, lead-free” and environmentally friendly production.
Through national policy guidance and highlight the leading role of enterprises, domestic battery many large enterprises have started their transformation, production of both environment protection and energy of alkaline batteries, so as to drive the domestic alkaline battery production process. It is understood that Canon BG-E6 Battery Grip the first introduced in 1995 the first batch of green cells, the entire alkaline batteries just over 10 100 million, and now has grown to 60-70 billion cigarettes.
But the need to be aware that the alkaline batteries in absolute terms in recent years to achieve a doubling of growth was the creation of a substantial increase in overall demand in the market under the premise, the alkaline batteries in the battery product sales accounted for some proportion of it is slow growth, at present only about 20%, the majority of consumers apparently do not ignite consumer passion for alkaline batteries. In foreign countries, as early as 1996, the United States, Canada, alkaline battery market share reached 86%%, and Europe is also a high prevalence areas of alkaline batteries, alkaline, Japan in 2004, has reached 61%%.
Misunderstanding enterprise powerless to reverse the
“No. 1, a carbon-zinc batteries discarded after the 1 square meter of land can lose value, can make 10 cubic meters of water to be contaminated.” Although the battery energy-saving environmental protection issues, has caused the country and attaches great importance to all sectors of society, but for the vast majority of consumers, this has not become the basis to guide their consumer choices. Because the price of basic than the higher ordinary carbon-zinc batteries, they feel that carbon-zinc batteries and cheaper benefits, particularly in rural areas in the country a broader market, that the consumption of alkaline batteries is a waste.
In fact, this idea is a consumer misunderstanding. Although the price of energy-saving environmentally Canon EOS 20D Battery Grip friendly batteries will be higher, but it reflected energy-saving, environmental protection targets are ordinary carbon-zinc batteries several times. The south of Fu battery, for example, from the electricity index point of view, a Nanfu alkaline battery power is the same size carbon-zinc batteries of six times; from the environmental indicators point of view, Nanfu alkaline batteries almost without causing any pollution can be discarded along with the garbage; from life indicators point of view, the life of ordinary carbon-zinc batteries is 6 months, the battery can keep the original power capacity of 70%%, alkaline battery shelf life is 3 years, 3 years nanfu the battery capacity and 90%%.
In order to reverse the majority of consumer misunderstanding of alkaline batteries, many battery companies have done a great deal of market development work, every year spend a lot of marketing costs, however, played a market effect is not satisfactory, changes in consumer awareness is still very slow. Not difficult to understand, in the face Snow is a big Chinese market, the appeal by several battery companies, after all, like drop in the bucket. In addition, the battery company’s appeal can only be limited to major cities in the domestic range, where the majority of rural markets, it is beyond the reach of rural markets can only feel powerless and frustrated.
Policy orientation should intensify efforts to
Leveraging policy-oriented production enterprises, but it does not leveraging laptop battery consumers, it brings not only loss for the enterprise and helplessness, and of course the cruel pressure of survival. Battery companies in order to product transformation, is bound to increase the fixed assets investment, technical input, human investment and so on, for example, Nanfu annual investment of 2% of annual turnover to research and development. If the market does not generate sufficient returns to enable enterprises of inputs and outputs more harm than good is bound to seriously shake the confidence in the development of enterprises. This is clearly very serious consequences, the battery because the market is a drag on business or closed down, or only to re-examine the market demand, from the old product back to ordinary carbon-zinc batteries, so no doubt will be even more slow down the process of the popularization of environmentally friendly energy-efficient batteries.
Clearly, the current promotion of environmentally friendly energy-saving battery the principal contradiction in the consumer’s end, policy-oriented need to turn round they turned their guns aimed at consumers. Two-pronged approach, environmental protection and the promotion of energy-efficient batteries to open up the road. The persons concerned to stress that this has become a priority, or “cell companies can not afford to delay, the state can not afford to drag the energy and social environment can not afford to delay.”
Bank Credit Risk Warning: Export of China’s battery industry laptops battery, the pattern of competition facing the re-shuffle
Tianjin Port, respectively in 2006 exports of nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion battery 220 million and 090 million, an increase of 31.5% and 97.1%, the two batteries together accounted for the same period in Tianjin Port’s total exports 96.9%. Processing trade exports still led the rapid growth of re-bonded warehouse. 2006 exports of processing trade, Tianjin Port Battery 280 million, an increase of 35.9%, accounting for the same period in Tianjin Port Battery, 87.5% of total exports; bonded warehousing of re-exports of 26.02 million, an increase of 4 times. The major consumer for Hong Kong, the United States and the EU. Tianjin Port in 2006 on the above three regions and countries, exports of batteries 120 million laptop batteries, respectively, 053 million and 051 million respectively, up by 82.8%, 77.5% and 25.8%, the three together accounted for the same period in Tianjin Port’s total exports 73.1 battery %. Foreign-invested enterprises export enterprises still dominated. In 2006 exports of foreign-invested enterprises in Tianjin Port Battery 280 million, an increase of 44.8%, accounting for the same period in Tianjin Port Battery, 87.5% of total exports; state-owned enterprises exported 040 million, an increase of 42.1%.
Tianjin Port in 2006 a substantial increase in exports of the main battery
Battery Market demand
With coal, oil, energy prices continued to rise, automobile, electric bicycle, etc. The rapid development of electricity as a low-cost reusable non-polluting energy resources become increasingly extensive, and therefore the battery industry has been rapid development. Marine, aviation, telecommunications, railway, transport, defense and other industries are beginning to widely use a variety of batteries, the demand for rapid growth. With the growing competition in the market, mobile phones, digital cameras, digital cameras, notebook computers and other new electronic products continues to introduce new environmentally friendly battery of new types of ever-rising demand. Related information: domestic manufacturers of lithium-ion laptop battery for about 70% of the capacity is used to produce mobile phone battery.
The rapid development of China’s battery industry
At present China’s battery production accounts for more than half of the world’s cell production, new lithium-ion batteries as an alternative to the traditional nickel-metal hydride, lead-acid battery of new green environmental protection products have been gradually extended. It is competent to do not contain mercury, cadmium and other pollutants, long life, energy sufficient advantages in higher value-added, highly profitable, so the momentum of rapid development of industrial scale, exports hit record highs. In addition, Japan’s Sanyo Sony lithium-ion battery industry hegemony, have now invest and build factories in China, which will be further pulled up the domestic lithium-ion battery production, speed up the battery industrial upgrading.
A clear price advantage of domestic battery
Cheap labor and resources to manufacture products with the price of China’s competitive advantage. In addition, the domestic battery is the machine of production and hand-assembled by combining the same production line as long as you can make minor adjustments to produce different specifications of products, equipment, less investment. Advantage of foreign companies a higher degree of machine production, product quality and stable production and high efficiency. But for different specifications Dell Battery of the product requires assembly of different production lines and equipment investment was large, so the product is priced higher, weakening their competitiveness.
CUP letter analysis:
Despite a substantial increase in exports of China’s battery, but a lot of the problem before us is also an urgent need to deal with the European Union green barriers, rising raw materials, foreign companies monopolize the high-end market issues restricting the development of China’s battery industry.
First of all, concerns the problem of rising raw material. Since 2006, lead-acid batteries can not be a lack of raw materials of metal lead, nickel prices began to rise sharply. In addition, raw materials, cobalt, natural manganese powder, zinc and other prices rise to varying degrees, corporate profit margins being squeezed. Makes some domestic enterprises are facing the risk of failure.
Second, the focus policy risks. The European Commission February 3, 2006 Release batteries and battery instruction, the introduction of the content of cadmium in portable batteries 0.002% of the new restrictions. September 26, the European Union, “Official Gazette” the enactment of new batteries and battery instruction, battery exports to the EU not only to meet near-stringent mercury, cadmium content requirements, will also assume the expensive recovery costs. November 15 from the beginning, the French implementation of the new electrical and electronic garbage collection system and other EU countries are also expected to implement such a system. Frequent introduction of such a policy is completely Inspiron 1501 Battery, Inspiron 1520 Battery restricted the export of SMEs to the EU market. Costs have increased, and backward technology to make compound the difficulties of China’s battery business.
Once again, concerned about the high-end product monopolies. Xing Li-ion battery is divided into single-core group and multi-core group, multi-core group of cells are formed by a multi-block battery cell, the production is difficult, high technology, highly profitable, mainly for high-end notebook computers and other electronic products. Multi-core group of cells, if the electric capacity of a single battery cell is not compliance, then the whole battery pack performance will be adversely affected, which in the production process is known as the consistency of the battery pack. Well-known foreign companies have solved this problem. Most domestic manufacturers still in the manual stage, the battery can not guarantee consistency, therefore, the international well-known notebook manufacturers mostly use Japanese products.
In short, China’s export structure of the battery unreasonable application fields and market a single, intense price competition. R & D technology and cost are low, but high manufacturing costs. A waste of raw material prices and resource utilization in sharp contrast to the overall industry, a lot of problems, we recommend cautious lending banks, hedge their risks.
Far from the influence of (3 public transport vehicles accounted for 4% of the total transport Inspiron 1521 Battery vehicles);
② Iceland from the past, an energy exchange for the use of alternative energy experience. In the period 1940 to 1975, room heating from the use of oil converted to the use of geothermal heat. Therefore, people are more receptive to changes in energy use;
③ Iceland and other developed countries have a similar transport system, and his standards, hence, the results of any project to other developed societies are also effective;
④ Iceland a bad environment, seasonal changes in large, complex terrain, which will contribute to the new hydrogen energy technology assessment;
⑤ 99% of Iceland in renewable energy to the geothermal and hydroelectric energy, the geothermal steam turbines, as well as through the hydro-electric power to produce hydrogen.
The Icelandic government has publicly committed to Inspiron 1525 Battery Iceland into the world’s first entirely by renewable energy for energy economic entity. The process is divided into three stages: ① 3 liquid hydrogen fuel vehicles on the road trial run; ② a transport vehicle to provide energy from hydrogen; ③ other means of transport, including trucks and boats are to be hydrogen energy supply. In May 1999, major companies, including VistOrka hf (51%) Shell Hydrogen (16.33%) Norsk Hydro (16.33%), DaimlerChrysler (16.33%), together established the Icelandic New Energy Ltd (Icelandic New Energy Ltd, INE), INE is aimed at detection technology, together with the Government of Iceland and distribution system security and stability. INE’s first task is to create a project to explore the possibility of hydrogen, which in turn leads to ECTOS (Ecological City Transport System) concept. ECTOS mainly around the building in Reykjavik city of Shell Hydrogen’s retail service stations. The project of hydrogen through renewable energy electrolysis of water obtained, and the gas station production, storage and distribution for each bus to provide energy. DaimlerChrysler has created the project in the three hydrogen buses. Of the motor vehicle from the compressed hydrogen gas to provide energy to supplement the process of hydrogen filling stations are also carried out. Fuel cell and storage tank design and installation of the Mercedes-Benz Citaro vehicles at the top. High-pressure hydrogen storage tank pressure of 350bar, by Dynatek companies. According to the number of passengers, 12m long Citaro vehicles at maximum speed (about 80km / h) at least be able to run 200km.
Iceland: The ideal place for hydrogen economy
Iceland is a corridor study of hydrogen, hydrogen economy Digital Camera Battery, the ideal place where to explore in this regard are more, it is mainly the following five reasons:
① Iceland is a small size but a highly developed society, a population of only 280,000, most of them living in the Reykjavik area. Thus, small projects here than in big cities Shenzhen CPPCC members called for the implementation of a unified standard mobile phone batteries
Municipal CPPCC members Jianguo in this “two sessions” to submit “mobile phone batteries as soon as possible a unified standard, Shanghai could lead in trying to market access system” proposal with the relevant departments as early as possible to develop a unified standard mobile phone batteries, so that Shanghai market access system for the market lead in trying to achieve a variety of mobile phone universal battery.
Generate 400 million a year of waste batteries
According to the survey, currently on the market very limited compatibility with cell phone batteries, most cell phone chargers and batteries are supporting “monogamy” system, the same brand between the different models of mobile phones can not be fully compatible DSLR Battery Grip. According to data released by Ministry of Information Industry, at present the country is about 400 million mobile phone users, according to the most conservative estimate, each user for two years to replace a phone, a mobile phone is equipped with two batteries, the country produces every year the number of discarded cell phone batteries up to 4 100 million.
Shanghai Suning’s mobile phone department head, at present 20-30 year-old mobile phone users to replace a cell phone an average, each family abandoned battery about 10, “now on the market very few channels for recycling mobile phone batteries, these batteries Most are abandoned state. “
It is understood that cell phone batteries are generally divided into nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium batteries, are likely to cause pollution containing heavy metals. Data show that the cadmium contained in a mobile phone battery can contaminate or even three standard swimming pool of water. Mobile phone battery should have a universal Jianguo said in its proposal, the battery is not a unified standard on society is enormous waste of resources. He called on national authorities as soon as possible to develop a unified standard mobile phone battery to make it like a normal battery as a universal, can set up several kinds of specifications to enable mobile phone manufacturers according to needs and demands. Mobile phone battery can be reduced so harmful to the environment and waste of resources, but also reduce the financial burden of consumers. Shanghai has a higher level of Canon BG-E2N Battery Grip production enterprises and scientific research units, is perfectly placed in the implementation of uniform standards for mobile phone batteries one step ahead.
It is understood that Ministry of Information Industry has been in accordance with relevant laboratory findings, a unified set of national standards for mobile phone charger interface, making cell phone during charging can be used not only special charger, but also through the ordinary computer USB. CATR CTTL master any of Gui Li revealed that the relevant departments have started studying a common standard mobile phone battery, If everything goes smoothly, the standard is expected to launch overseas in the first half of this year.
In his view, standardization of mobile phone battery manufacturers can reduce the cost of reproduction without batteries; and convenient to consumers to use to avoid the mobile phone battery is not charged or forgot a spare battery cause can not talk, could go to buy or borrow another battery. The unity of the battery manufacturing, research and development of social resources is conducive to focus on energy-efficient, less polluting new battery.
ECTOS projects are just the beginning, the fuel cell cost per kilowatt to 1 million, is now the same specifications of the fuel cell only 120 dollars. In addition, the previous fuel cell can not work below 0 degrees Celsius, it must be warm at night, and now the work of minus 20 degrees Celsius there is no problem.
In addition, Iceland’s social environment is also desirable. Iceland’s economy increasingly dependent on the hydrogen addition, Iceland’s technical, financial, and political groups will hydrogen development as an effective way to achieve their ambitions, one, namely: to Iceland for their energy Inspiron 1526 Battery needs are capable of self-sufficiency . In Iceland, the government for each school 10 to 15-year-old children to provide educational materials related to hydrogen and another through the media publicity. As a result, the mass of hydrogen in Iceland’s support rate was 90%, people will be Iceland’s hydrogen experiment as a base for the world and hope that one day the world were able to learn from Iceland and faster to achieve zero pollution emissions.
Ministry of Finance: increase the number of non-duty-free goods into the four
“Directory” to “domestic investment projects are not duty-free imported goods directory” (revised in 2000, 2002 adjustment) once again conducted a large-scale restructuring, merging the original cross, duplicate content, and refine and improve the old directory in the part of the entry, not the number of duty-free imports in 2000 from the old catalog of more than 360 to more than 900 articles. New non-duty-free goods are mainly communications equipment and medical equipment, as well as other domestic already have manufacturing capacity, technological level has been able to meet domestic demand equipment. Some high-tech products, such as micro-computers and peripherals, copying equipment (including MFP), digital cameras, video cameras and video camcorders and other electrical appliances; stand-alone machine ≤ 800kW wind turbines, solar photovoltaic system and battery components and other new energy sources, renewable energy equipment, as well as all cars, motorcycles, complete sets of spare parts and spare parts, are not tax-free.
In its announcement, the Ministry of Finance stated that since March 1, 2007 new cases of domestic investment projects approved by the import of equipment, all in accordance with the implementation of the new directory. March 1, 2007 previously approved domestic investment projects, their equipment in the January 1, 2008 imports are still under the old catalog implementation; January 1, 2008 after (including January 1) imported under the new Catalog of .
Ministry of Finance official said that this policy change is to implement the “State Council on Accelerating the revitalization of the equipment manufacturing industry a number of opinions” is an important measure for the domestic equipment manufacturing enterprises in independent innovation, Inspiron 1720 Battery, Inspiron 1721 Battery to provide a relatively level playing field.
Standardization of mobile phone charger who hi who is worried?
Recently, the Ministry of Information Industry formally announced the “Mobile Communications Handset Charger and Interface Technology Requirements and test methods” communication industry standards, the standard number is: YD/T1591-2006. It is reported that the interface of the standard reference in the context of the Universal Serial Bus USB type interface specification, and a unified interface, located in the charger side of the connection. Ministry of Information Industry official said, the implementation of this standard will provide the public with more convenient mobile use of the environment, reduce consumption costs, reduce e-waste pollution.
Internationally, there is no movement of a cell phone interface standard, while China is now the standard launched their stance simply is the recommended standard of the industry. According to experts, the standard is generally divided into several categories: National Institute of Standards and industry standards; mandatory standards and recommended standards. In a variety of standards, recommended the industry standard for enterprise-binding is the weakest. After the announcement of the response from the standard point of view, a number of multinational mobile phone manufacturers seem to this standard is not very welcome.
From a consumer perspective, any kind of product, all of the parts are standardized, it is the most convenient; however, for enterprises, standardization means that product homogeneity means that the price war is a high-profit biggest enemy. 1 The industry believes that standardization charger will give great impact on the industry chain. First of all, from the current models of mobile phone sales, cell phone charger has been bundled with the mobile phone sales, cell phone manufacturers an important source of profits; while for mobile phones supporting industry, the standard is not good news, if passed, the implementation of , rated the impact of shocks. At present, more than 50% of the chargers are all produced in-laws Luoding City, Guangdong Province, cities and towns. In the attached town, has formed a unit of Emerson’s Astec charger as the leading industry gathering area. Specializing in the production Astec charger mobile phone industry in recent years, thanks to the rapid development of its own output is somersaults trend to increase, the current annual output has reached more than 1 billion U.S. dollars.
Once the charger after the implementation of standardized, buy cell phone without the need to buy INSPIRON 2600 Battery, INSPIRON 2650 Battery charger, or even one person can share one charger, charger market capacity is bound to be reduced sharply, therefore, for these enterprises, so that they welcomed the new standard, that there are some difficult one.
In addition, the charger standardization, interface should be unified, which allows businesses to redesign the appearance of the phone. This will allow China’s mobile phone with global mobile phone is different from other markets, a number of multinational companies have to design specifically for the Chinese market, mobile phone charger and interface, there are enterprises are worried that it would increase its own R & D costs and manufacturing costs. The view was expressed even think that, even if not to increase business costs, but also erected barriers to foreign like product is suspected.
An industry expert said that if the government department in charge of industrial development from the height of judgments that it is necessary to carry out mandatory uniform mobile phone accessories, while the handset manufacturers are unwilling to give up immediate interests, government authorities may consider the legislative process through the establishment of the relevant , this standard will be established as standards of conduct, mandatory, mandatory in the domestic production and sales of mobile phone companies must be implemented. Experts believe that, from the perspective of the whole industry, the standardization of the mobile phone industry is of great significance, especially in terms of domestic mobile phones is very useful. However, there are point of view, from the current situation, is difficult to achieve in a short time the standard enforced.
Some people think that the biggest obstacle to the standardization of mobile phones will affect the users to personalize the appearance of demand, they are worried that mobile phone standard would adversely affect the appearance of mobile phone personalization. But experts said that more standardized in terms of hardware and software aimed at mobile phones, while the individual refers to the shape of personalization, the two are not irreconcilable contradiction. Under the new standards, development of new technologies at the same time, of course, take into account the user for personal appearance requirements.
Experts as an example the newly introduced standard charger, universal charger standard USB interface Inspiron 5150 Battery, in reference to the type of interface specification, and a unified interface connections located in the side of the charger. The purpose of the standard is only conducive to improving efficiency, personalized design for mobile phones no effect.
In addition, the mobile phone to a smart phone in the development stage, has produced a similar PC-logical structure: the hardware platform, the operating system, the operating system on top of the application. Despite the variety of mobile phone application business look, it seems very difficult to standardize, but in fact, supporting these applications, application platforms and operating systems can all be standardized.
In fact, from a macro perspective, the standardization of mobile phones is in line with the overall interests of industry, standardization of the development of the whole industry, including industrial chain to be beneficial in terms of: the user-Needless to say, after standardization is conducive to application of software providers to provide more and richer applications; As a result, users can more fully and easily using the operator’s services, so in terms of standardization in the operators, but also a good thing. While mobile phone production enterprises, in the short term, standardization may lose some profits, but in the long run, the higher the degree of standardization, product cost lower.
Looking from a PC to the server, and then to software product development process, we can see that the direction Inspiron 5160 Battery of development of these products are open, standardization, mobile phones will no doubt go that day. But, this day, how far?
Tags: along the policy lines or to go to the market, case of embarrassment, energy the battery, Environment protection
0